Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (; German: [ˈfʁiːdʁɪç ˈvɪlhɛlm ˈniːtʃə] (listen) or [ˈniːtsʃə]; 15 October 1844 – 25 August 1900) was a German philosopher, cultural critic, composer, poet, writer, and philologist whose work has exerted a profound influence on modern intellectual history. He began his career as a classical philologist before turning to philosophy. He became the youngest person ever to hold the Chair of Classical Philology at the University of Basel in 1869 at the age of 24. Nietzsche resigned in 1879 due to health problems that plagued him most of his life; he completed much of his core writing in the following decade. In 1889, at age 44, he suffered a collapse and afterward a complete loss of his mental faculties. He lived his remaining years in the care of his mother until her death in 1897 and then with his sister Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche. Nietzsche died in 1900. Nietzsche's writing spans philosophical polemics, poetry, cultural criticism, and fiction while displaying a fondness for aphorism and irony. Prominent elements of his philosophy include his radical critique of truth in favor of perspectivism; a genealogical critique of religion and Christian morality and related theory of master–slave morality; the aesthetic affirmation of life …
Friedrich Nietzsche
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Nīṭjhśe, Friederich Nietzsche, F. Nit︠s︡he, and 176 others
Furīdorihi Nīche, Frīdriš Nītših, 프리드리히 니체, Frīdrīš Wīlhilm Nīča, Fridrikh Nitche, Fidirix Wilihlim Netzi, F. W. Nīche, פרידריך ניצי׳שה, Fryd Nietzsche, ניטשע פריעדריך, 尼采, Φρειδερικος Νιτσε, Phr Nitse, Frīdrihs Vilhelms Nīče, Ницше, Фридрих Ниче, Frīdrihs Nīče, פרידריך וילהלם ניטשע, Frīdrīš Nīča, Vilhelms Frīdrihs Nīče, פרידריך וילהלם ניטצשע, Fridrikh Nit︠s︡she, ኒሺ, Fridrich Nitcše, Fridrich Niče, Φρειδερίκος Νίτσε, Frederich Wilhelm Nietzsche, Fu li de li xi Ni cai, Friedrich Nicše, Nicše, Friedrich W. Nietzsche, Kapreṭarik Villiyam Nīṭsē, Friedrich Nietzsche, نيتشه، فريدريش فيلهيلم،, フリードリヒ・W. ニーチェ, F.・W. ニーチェ, Fridrix Nic'še, Frédéric Nietzsche, பிரீட்ரிக் நீட்சே, ニイチェ, Fridrich Nicše, Bedřich Nietzsche, פרידריך ניצשע, フリ-ドリッヒ ヴィルヘルム ニーチェ, Freiderikos Nitse, Фрыдрых Вільгельм Ніцшэ, Frīdrihs Vilhelms Nīcše, نىتسى, Frîdrîk Nîtşe, פרידריך וילהלם ניעטצשע, Firīdrīk Nītshih, فرېدرېک وېلهېلم نېتشي, Niichʻe, ニーチェ, ניטשה, Фрыдрых Ніцшэ, Fridericus N, פרידריך וילהלם ניטצשה, פרידריך וילהלם ניצ'שה, Фрідріх Ніцше, F. Nitše, Fridrix Nitsşe, פריעדריך ניעטצשע, ਫਰੈਦਰੀਕ ਨੀਤਜ਼ੇ, Fridrikh Niettsshe, Frederico Nietzsche, Fridrihs Nīče, P'ŭridŭrihi Nich'e, Freiderikou Nitse, Frydrichas Nyčė, Нитче, Frīdirīš Nītšh, פרידריך ניטשע, フリードリヒ ニーチェ, Fridrih Niče, にいちえ, Frīdriš Nītše, Fridrish Nitshah, Fridirīk Nīča, Fr Nietzsche, F. Nicše, פרידריך ניצ'ה, Frīdrīš Nītša, Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche, Friedrich G. Nietzsche, Fridrih Nitče, Fridirch Niče, פריעדריך ניטשע, Friedrich Nietszche, 弗里德里希·尼采, फ्रेडरिक नीत्शे, نيتشه، فريدريك, Fulidelixi-Nicai, Frederic Nietzsche, .. Nietzsche, Фридрих Нитче, Furīdorihhi Viruherumu Nīche, F. Nits︠h︡e, فريدريش نيتشه،, 尼采弗里德里希, Ֆրիդրիխ Նիցշե, Federico Nietzche, פרידריך וילהלם ניצ'ה, فريدريك نيتشه, フリードリッヒ・ヴィルヘルム ニーチェ, Niṭsheh, Fridrih Wilhelm Niče, فريدريك نيتشه،, فریدریش نیچه, Nicai, Фр Ницше, Fryderyk Nietzsche, ফ্রিড্রিশ নিচে, 弗里德里希 尼采, Vilhelms Nīče, Federico Nietzsche, فريدرخ نيتشه, フリードリヒ・ニーチェ, Nietzsche, Фридрих Вильгельм Ницше, Frydrych Nicšė, F. Niezsche, Фридрих Нитше, ഫ്രീഡ്രിക്ക് നീച്ച, Friedrich Nietzsche Wilhelm, Frideríkos Nítse, פרידריך וילהלם ניטשה, نيتشه، فريدرخ،, Фридрих Ницше, K̲apreṭarik Villiyam Nīṭṣē, F. Nīche, Ni cai, Ф. В Ницше, Niche, Friedrikh Niṭshe, Nietzsche Friedrich, Fridrikh Niṭshah, Fridrikh Nitt︠s︡she, Friedrich Nietzche, Nietche, Fridrihs Vilhelms Nīče, Nitče, Friedrich Nietsche, Frīdrīk Nītših, فریدریش نیچە, フリードリッヒ ニーチェ, Ni-tsʻai, פרידריך ניטשה, Fridericus Nietzsche, Ф Ницше, Fr Niṭshe, Frīdrėks Nīčė, Frīdrish Nītshah, ფრიდრიხ ნიცშე, Fridrikh Nitsʻchʻē, Phrintrich Nitse, Phreideriku Nitse, Nitsi, Nīche, फ्रीडरिक नित्ची, F Nit︠s︡he, F. Nietzsche, Firidrik Nitshih, Fulidlixi Nicai, Phreiderikos Nitse, Federico G. Nietzsche, نطشے, نيتشه، فريدريك،, פרידריך ניצשה, Fr Nicše, Нитше, ฟรีดริช นีทเชอ, Nitse, Нитцше, Phrēntrich Nitse, Nietztsche - Born:
- Oct. 15, 1844
- Died:
- Aug. 25, 1900
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Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche (; German: [ˈfʁiːdʁɪç ˈvɪlhɛlm ˈniːtʃə] (listen) or [ˈniːtsʃə]; 15 October 1844 – 25 August 1900) was a German philosopher, cultural critic, composer, poet, writer, and philologist whose work has exerted a profound influence on modern intellectual history. He began his career as a classical philologist before turning to philosophy. He became the youngest person ever to hold the Chair of Classical Philology at the University of Basel in 1869 at the age of 24. Nietzsche resigned in 1879 due to health problems that plagued him most of his life; he completed much of his core writing in the following decade. In 1889, at age 44, he suffered a collapse and afterward a complete loss of his mental faculties. He lived his remaining years in the care of his mother until her death in 1897 and then with his sister Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche. Nietzsche died in 1900. Nietzsche's writing spans philosophical polemics, poetry, cultural criticism, and fiction while displaying a fondness for aphorism and irony. Prominent elements of his philosophy include his radical critique of truth in favor of perspectivism; a genealogical critique of religion and Christian morality and related theory of master–slave morality; the aesthetic affirmation of life in response to both the "death of God" and the profound crisis of nihilism; the notion of Apollonian and Dionysian forces; and a characterization of the human subject as the expression of competing wills, collectively understood as the will to power. He also developed influential concepts such as the Übermensch and the doctrine of eternal return. In his later work, he became increasingly preoccupied with the creative powers of the individual to overcome cultural and moral mores in pursuit of new values and aesthetic health. His body of work touched a wide range of topics, including art, philology, history, religion, tragedy, culture, and science, and drew inspiration from figures such as Socrates, Zoroaster, Arthur Schopenhauer, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Richard Wagner and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. After his death, his sister Elisabeth became the curator and editor of Nietzsche's manuscripts. She edited his unpublished writings to fit her German ultranationalist ideology while often contradicting or obfuscating Nietzsche's stated opinions, which were explicitly opposed to antisemitism and nationalism. Through her published editions, Nietzsche's work became associated with fascism and Nazism; 20th-century scholars contested this interpretation, and corrected editions of his writings were soon made available. Nietzsche's thought enjoyed renewed popularity in the 1960s and his ideas have since had a profound impact on 20th and early-21st century thinkers across philosophy—especially in schools of continental philosophy such as existentialism, postmodernism and post-structuralism—as well as art, literature, psychology, politics, and popular culture.
